Example freezing cycle

Example freezing profile for a 5% w/v sucrose solution, showing the shelf temperature (purple line) mapped onto the phase diagram of water (left side) and on the process log of the dryer (right side) with the product probe temperature (green line) recorded by a thermocouple placed at the bottom of the vial. The initial equilibrium temperature is set at 20 °C and the freezing temperature is set to −40 °C with a cooling rate of 0.5 °C/min.