Example of sublimation of 15% IgG in vials placed at the core of the shelf (1% sucrose, 4% mannitol, 20 mM histidine, 0.01% Tween 20 as excipients). Primary drying was carried out at 0.2 mbar and −10 °C shelf temperature inside the Telstar Lyobeta freeze dryer. Note that each line is a stylised representation of real data to provide a more accessible picture of the expected trends one might observe in practice